A Comparative Analysis of Integration Theory and Disintegration Approach in Understanding the Anatomy of the Persian Gulf Region

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze the anatomical characteristics of the Persian Gulf through the lens of integration theory and the disintegration approach. The descriptive and analytical approaches were used in this study as the research method, which primarily drew on library sources. The prevailing trend in the Persian Gulf region is based on a notable prevalence of integration as opposed to disintegration. The region exhibits variations, yet it benefits from shared factors that have facilitated integration. These factors encompass religious similarities, a shared sense of neighborliness, belonging to the Persian Gulf, as well as a reliance on the Strait of Hormuz. However, the factors contributing to disintegration in the Persian Gulf region encompass ideological attitudes, ethnic disparities, and territorial conflicts, including territorial and border disputes, as well as a deficiency in collective trust and others. The process of enhancing integration in the Persian Gulf region and establishing regional security will yield several outcomes and implications, including the resolution of territorial and border disputes, the withdrawal of external powers from the region, the bolstering of regional countries' influence in determining oil and gas prices, and the reduction of military expenditures. In a broad sense, endeavors aimed at achieving economic and cultural integration are commonly observed. In addition to substantial engagements with the nations within the region, the act of fostering an environment and effectively handling the strain posed by external powers can potentially contribute to the development of security integration in the forthcoming period. In a broad sense, the pursuit of economic and cultural integration, coupled with extensive interaction with neighboring nations while mitigating propaganda and managing tension-making, has the potential to foster security integration in the future.